Grade 5 Theory Exam

For piano students of Tony O’Brien Home. Exam Structure. Learning Pathway. Exam Topics.

What minor scale has a key signature of 5 sharps?  Which minor scale is at 5 o’clock on the cycle of 5ths chart?  G sharp minor .


If you can’t remember this then which major key is at 5 o’clock on cycle of 5ths?  B majorr - the relative minor is always a minor third down - G sharp minor


If you can’t remember this, then  knowing the order of sharps in the key signature gives A# as last fifth sharp,  the major key with this key signature is a semitone higher - B major - the minor key with this key signature is a tone lower - G sharp minor







1

2

Now you know the scale (key) is G# minor you can write in all 8 notes, leaving spaces between each note to add any accidentals. It’s an ascending minor scale so there must be accidentals!!

Don’t be distracted by “begin with the tonic”  - that’s just another name for the key-note, the first note of the scale - G# in this case.  You are writing an ascending scale so pick a low position on the stave - in this case the bottom G line







3

Being a minor scale, there could accidentals at both the 6th and 7th notes of the scale according to:-

Harmonic minor (ascending and descending) - 7th note of scale is “sharpened” i.e. requires   a “natural” accidental if a flat in the key signature, or a “#” accidental if not in key signature

Melodic minor (ascending ) - 6th and 7th notes are “sharpened”  - i.e. require “natural” accidentals if flat in key signature, or “#” accidentals  if not in key signature

Melodic minor (descending) - no accidentals needed  - 6th and 7th notes are as given by key signature


We are writing an ascending melodic minor scale, so the 6th note of E is sharpened to E# and the 7th note of F# is sharpened to F double #